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- Equal-Tempered Tunings
-
- You can use equal-tempered function to build octaves with required
- number of steps. The operation is performed within activate-
- tonality. Here is an example. This makes an equally tempered
- tonality of 53 steps within octave starting from c 4 with 1000
- steps semitone-resolution.
-
- (activate-tonality (equal-tempered 53 'c 4 1000))
-
- Here are some categorizing of equal-tempered scales picked from
- tuning@varese.mills.edu discussion list on Internet. This is the
- best forum on earth to know more on tunings.
-
- SCALES WITH GOOD FIFTHS -- GROUP I (Less than 8 cents from 3/2)
- Tones/oct: 12, 17, 19, 24, 27, 29, 31
- A "12/oct-like" sound, strongly cadential. Biased toward harmony.
- These tunings predispose themselves to homophony or consonant
- counterpoint, though they can be used at cross-purposes
- (as can all scales).
-
- SCALES WITH GOOD FIFTHS - GROUP 2 (Less than 9 cents from 3/2)
- Tones/oct: 34, 36, 38, 39, 41, 43, 44, 45, 46 and all equal
- temperaments greater than 47.
- Extremely tonal. These tunings sound nearly identical, with
- differences vanishingly small beyond 48/oct. Strongly biased
- toward consonant harmony.
-
- SCALES WITH MEDIOCRE FIFTHS - GROUP 1 ( 10 cents < fifths
- < 20 cents)
- PENTUPLETS: 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 tones/oct.
- All share a "5/oct" sound, vaguely South Seas in flavor.
-
- SCALES WITH MEDIOCRE FIFTHS - Group 2 (10 cents < fifths
- < 20 cents)
- SEPTUPLETS: 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 tones/oct.
- A "7/oct" sound, akin to a melding of major and minor modes.
-
- ODDBALLS
- Tones/octave: 22, 26, 32, 33, 37, 42, 47
- Nothing in common--except that these tunings sound like none
- of the others above, and resist being notated.
-
- SCALES WITH NO FIFTHS - GROUP 1 (all fifths > 35 cents from 3/2)
- Macrotonal group: 6, 8, 9, 11 tones/oct
- All share a pandiatonic sound, and lend themselves to a
- heterophonic style.
-
- SCALES WITH NO FIFTHS - GROUP 2 (all fifths > 26 cents from 3/2)
- Anti-cadential, strongly biased toward melody. Suitable for
- atonal music or dissonant counterpoint. All these tunings
- share a weird "off-the-wall" sound.
-
- META-GROUPS: 1 - tunings LESS interesting than the numbers
- suggest: 8, 19, 24, 30, 32, 36, 48, 60 tones/oct
- 2 - Tunings MORE interesting than the numbers suggest: 9, 10,
- 11, 14, 15, 20, 21, 23, 25, 28, 33 tones/oct.
-
- 9, 10, 11, 14, 15, 21 and 25 have in particular been castigated
- by any number of theorists--yet they sound GREAT. Clearly the
- theorists never had access to cheap digitally retunable synths!
-
- Ivor Darreg and I discovered some years back that all the
- equal-tempered tunnigs are biased either toward melody or
- toward harmony. That is: scales like 13/oct or extremely
- high-limit just arrays (say, 79-limit with all its most far-fetched
- chromatic tones) are inherently not built for slow steady
- I-IV-V-I-style chord progressions. You don't want to hear
- Gounod's "Ave Maria" in 13-TET!
- But rapid contrapuntal music in 13 sounds peachy--especially
- with inharmonic percussive timbres.
- In the same way, rapid chromatic counterpoint in 53-TET was aptly
- described by George Bernard Shaw as "unpleasantly slimy" when
- Bosanquet offered it up on his well-known organ. Bosanquet would
- have been better advised to play "Kom Susser Tod" or something like
- it in 53-TET, or a reasonably low-limit JI array. (Below the 5-limit,
- of course, the thirds get rasty--there are always caveats.)
- So it has proven useful to adapt compositional style to the tuning.
- Or to put it another way, to pick the tuning that suits the kind of
- music you want to write. If you're out to produce a peaceful
- chorale, use something like 34 or 41 or 53. If you want to do
- rapid restless agitated counterpoint with lots of independent
- lines criss-crossing and scurrying hither & yon, 13, 11, 23
- or 9 are excellent.
- There are of course a sizable number of "in-between" scales,
- which partake of both tendencies...so it's not a black-and-white
- scenario. You can also get vivid results by using a scale against
- its natural tendencies--as Webern, Schoenberg, et al. have
- demonstrated.
- This insight of scalar "bias" has proven useful both to Ivor
- and myself when faced with an unfamiliar equal temperament.
- Probably the most impressive compositions using this idea are
- Bill Schottstaedt's "Water Music I and II." Schottstaedt
- employs the 11-TET scale for its melodic properties and
- simultaneously uses the 48-TET scale to obtain vibrant
- and intriguing dissonances. While Bil@CCRMA.stanford.edu
- probably arrived at this result intuitively rather than by
- analysis, his usage of the basic idea remains dextrous and
- produces remarkably beautiful music. (If you haven't heard
- the CD "Dinosaur Music," shame on you. Order it pronto.)
-